Biochemical Changes during Fruit and Seed Development in Nanjing Linden (Tilia miqueiana M.)

In China, the wild population of Nanjing Linden (Tilia miqueliana M.) is experiencing a drastic decline, primarily due to high levels empty seeds. This study aimed measure biochemical and physiological changes during fruit seed development in T. determine developmental mechanism. The weight method photosynthetic respiration were used biological aspects both fruits embryos, while transmission electron microscopy anthrone colorimetric endosperm content, including sugar, starch, protein, fat. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays conducted endogenous plant hormones such as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic 3 (GA3), zeatin riboside (ZR), abscisic (ABA). nonlinear least-squares was fit model nutrient hormone levels, revealing that size expanded from 5th 65th day moisture content exhibited downward trend, along with decrease intensity. Embryos found be fully developed between 35 DAF 65 DAF, nutrients endosperm, i.e., fat, continuously accumulated after 50 DAF. Additionally, ABA, IAA, GA3, ZR contents synergistically regulate maturation.